The Relationship Between Smoking Habits and Blood Pressure among Male Students

Abstract

Smoking during adolescence may contribute to increased blood pressure and may increase the future risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between smoking habits and blood pressure among male students at PGRI Takokak Senior High School, Cianjur Regency. This quantitative correlational study used a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 121 male students, and 93 respondents were selected using proportional stratified random sampling. Smoking habits were assessed using the Glover–Nilsson Smoking Behaviour Questionnaire (GN-SBQ), while blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Most respondents were categorized as having no smoking dependence, while more than half had normal blood pressure. The chi-square analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between smoking habits and blood pressure (p = 0.004). These findings indicate that smoking behavior is associated with blood pressure status among male adolescents. Preventive efforts through smoking cessation education, health screening, and healthy lifestyle promotion are important to reduce cardiovascular risk from adolescence.

Keywords: adolescents; blood pressure; hypertension; smoking habits