Edukasi Gizi Seimbang untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Ibu dalam Pencegahan Stunting

Abstract

In Indonesia, stunting is still a national problem, and the prevalence of stunting in Maluku Province is still relatively high. Therefore, research is needed that aims to analyze the effectiveness of providing balanced nutrition education to increase mothers' knowledge, attitudes and behavior in preventing stunting in the Pitu Health Center working area. This study was experimental research with a one group pretest and post test design, involving 50 mothers who live in the work area of the Pitu Health Center, Halmahera. In the phases before and after providing education, knowledge, attitudes and behavior were measured through filling out questionnaires. Next, data analysis was carried out using paired samples t-test. The research results show that the p value for each variable was 0.000, both for the knowledge, attitude and behavior variables. Thus it was interpreted that there were differences in knowledge, attitudes and behavior between before and after providing education. Furthermore, it could be concluded that providing balanced nutrition education is effective in increasing mothers' knowledge, attitudes and behavior in preventing stunting.

Keywords: balanced nutrition education; stunting; knowledge; attitude; behavior

 ABSTRAK

Di Indonesia, stunting masih merupakan masalah nasional, dan prevalensi stunting di Provinsi Maluku relatif masih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas pemberian  edukasi gizi seimbang untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku ibu dalam pencegahan stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pitu. Studi ini merupakan penelitian ekesperimental dengan desain one group pretest and post test, yang melibatkan 50 ibu yang berdomisili di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pitu, Halmahera. Pada fase sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi dilakukan pengukuran pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku melalui pengisian kuesioner. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data menggunakan paired samples t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai p untuk masing-masing variabel adalah 0,000, baik untuk variabel pengetahuan, sikap maupun perilaku. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku antara sebelum dan seudah pemberian edukasi. Selanjutnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian edukasi gizi seimbang efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku ibu dalam pencegahan stunting.

Kata kunci: edukasi gizi seimbang; stunting; pengetahuan; sikap; perilaku