Masalah Anemia dan Rendahnya Konsumsi Sumber Heme pada Remaja Putri

Abstract

Anemia is very risky for adolescent girls because the need for iron at this age increases due to growth, menstruation, and dietary behavior which often violates nutritional rules. So research was needed that aimed to determine the incidence of anemia and eating habits, especially consumption of heme sources in adolescent girls. This research was a descriptive study involving 80 class XII students of SMAN 1 Nglames, Madiun Regency, who were selected using the simple random sampling method. Data regarding the incidence of anemia was obtained through direct hemoglobin examination, while data regarding consumption habits of heme sources was obtained through filling out a questionnaire. The research results showed that daily consumption of non-heme sources was higher than consumption of heme food sources. Meanwhile, 29 out of 80 adolescent girls (36.25%) experienced anemia. It was concluded that the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls at SMAN 1 Nglames, Madiun was still high, and their behavior in consuming heme sources was still lacking.

Keywords: adolescent girls; anemia; consumption; heme

ABSTRAK

Anemia sangat beresiko bagi remaja putri karena kebutuhan zat besi pada usia ini meningkat akibat pertumbuhan, menstruasi, juga perilaku diet yang sering melanggar aturan gizi. Maka diperlukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejadian anemian dan kebiasaan makan, khususnya konsumsi sumber heme pada remaja putri. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang melibatkan 80 siswa kelas XII SMAN 1 Nglames Kabupaten Madiun, yang dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling. Data tentang kejadian anemia diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan hemoglobin secara langsung, sedangkan data tentang kebiasan konsumsi sumber heme diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner. Hasil penelitian meunjukkan bahwa konsumsi harian sumber non heme lebih tinggi dibandingkan konsumsi sumber makanan heme. Sementara itu, 29 dari  80 remaja putri (36,25%) mengalami anemia. Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di SMAN 1 Nglames, Madiun masih tinggi, dan perilaku mereka untuk mengonsumsi sumber heme masih kurang

Kata kunci: remaja putri; anemia; konsumsi; heme