Edukasi Self Management untuk Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Diet Penderita Hipertensi

Abstract

Hypertension is a health problem that is quite high for most of the world's population, including Indonesia. Therefore, there is a need for self-management education efforts to increase the application of healthy behavior and adherence to the hypertension diet. This study aims to determine the effect of self-management education using booklet media on dietary adherence in hypertension sufferers. This study used a one group pretest-posttest design, which involved 16 hypertensive patients selected by accidental sampling technique. After collecting data on dietary adherence before and after the intervention, data analysis was then performed using the Mc. Nemar test. The results of the analysis showed a p-value of 0.001, so it was interpreted that there were differences in adherence to the hypertension diet between before and after giving self-management education. It was concluded that self-management education is effective for increasing dietary adherence in hypertensive patients.

Keywords: hypertension; self management; dietary adherence

ABSTRAK

Hipertensi menjadi suatu masalah kesehatan yang cukup tinggi bagi sebagian besar penduduk dunia termasuk Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya upaya edukasi self management untuk meningkatkan penerapan perilaku sehat dan patuh terhadap diet hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi self management dengan media booklet terhadap kepatuhan diet penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan one group pretest-posttest, yang melibatkan 16 penderita hipertensi yang dipilih dengan teknik accidental sampling. Setelah terkumpul data tentang kepatuhan diet sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data menggunakan uji Mc. Nemar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001, sehingga diinterpretasikan bahwa ada perbedaan kepatuhan diet hipertensi antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi self management. Disimpulkan bahwa edukasi self management efektif untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan diet penderita hipertensi.

Kata kunci: hipertensi; self management; kepatuhan diet